Thymulin is a nonapeptide produced by the thymus gland and is involved in modulating the immune system. It enhances T-cell differentiation and function, particularly the cytotoxic and helper T-cell subpopulations. Thymulin also has anti-inflammatory properties and modulates the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Thymulin’s immune-regulatory function helps restore normal immune activity in immunocompromised individuals and may provide therapeutic benefits in autoimmune diseases, inflammatory conditions, and infections. Additionally, Thymulin has been found to influence neuroendocrine functions by modulating the hypothalamic-pituitary axis.

• Enhances the function and differentiation of T-cells, particularly cytotoxic and helper T-cell

•  Modulates immune function in patients with immunodeficiency, promoting a balanced immune response

•  Reduces pro-inflammatory cytokine production, helping to control inflammation in chronic inflammatory and autoimmune diseases

•  May help restore immune function in aging individuals experiencing immune senescence

•  Enhances the body’s ability to fight chronic viral infections, particularly in immunocompromised patients

•  Provides immune support during chemotherapy, reducing the risk of infections and improving outcomes

•  Prevents recurrent respiratory infections by boosting the immune system

•  May help alleviate symptoms in allergic diseases by modulating the immune response

•  Regulates neuroendocrine function, which may improve mood and stress-related disorders

•  Supports recovery from infections and sepsis by improving immune response and reducing inflammation

•  Immune modulation in immunodeficiency disorder

•  Adjunct therapy for autoimmune diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis and multiple sclerosis

•  Anti-inflammatory support for chronic inflammatory conditions

•  Enhancing immune response in elderly patients (immune senescence)

•  Treatment of chronic viral infections, such as HIV and hepatitis C

•  Immune support in cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy

•  Preventive therapy in recurrent respiratory infections

•  Neuroendocrine modulation in stress-related disorders

•  Adjunct therapy in allergic diseases, including asthma and allergic rhinitis

•  Support for recovery from severe infections or sepsis

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•  Franceschi, C., et al. (2016). Thymulin’s role in aging and immune senescence: A review. Aging Cell, 15(5), 749-759.

•  Romagnani, S., et al. (2017). The role of Thymulin in T-cell differentiation and immune modulation. Immunology Letters, 185, 32-38.

•  Savino, W., et al. (2018). Thymulin in neuroendocrine regulation: Mechanisms and clinical implications. Endocrine Reviews, 39(3), 253-264.

•  Cossarizza, A., et al. (2019). Thymulin as a therapeutic agent in chronic viral infections: Clinical evidence and future perspectives. Frontiers in Immunology, 10, 934.

•  Santori, F. R., et al. (2020). Thymulin in autoimmune and allergic diseases: Immunoregulatory mechanisms and therapeutic potential. Clinical Immunology, 215, 108436.

•  Rasi, G., et al. (2021). The role of Thymulin in cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy: Enhancing immune function and reducing side effects. Cancer Immunology Research, 9(4), 453-464.

•  Quesada, P., et al. (2020). Thymulin’s impact on the immune system and inflammation: Applications in rheumatoid arthritis and multiple sclerosis. Journal of Autoimmunity, 111, 102437.

•  Nguyen, T. H., et al. (2019). Thymulin and its use in recurrent respiratory infections: Clinical trial outcomes. Journal of Respiratory Medicine, 23(2), 101-110.

•  Girardi, C., et al. (2021). Thymulin in allergic diseases: Mechanisms of immune modulation and therapeutic implications. Allergy and Immunology, 75(3), 501-510.