ll-37

  • LL-37 is a naturally occurring antimicrobial peptide (AMP) derived from the cathelicidin family. It plays a crucial role in the innate immune system by disrupting the membrane integrity of bacteria, fungi, and viruses, leading to their destruction. LL-37 also modulates immune responses by promoting wound healing, reducing inflammation, and enhancing tissue repair. It influences angiogenesis, collagen synthesis, and the recruitment of immune cells to the site of injury, facilitating tissue regeneration and combating infections.

    • Exhibits broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity against bacteria, fungi, and viruses, including antibiotic-resistant strains

    • Promotes wound healing by enhancing collagen production, angiogenesis, and tissue regeneration

    • Modulates inflammation, reducing excessive inflammatory responses in autoimmune and chronic inflammatory diseases

    • Improves healing of chronic wounds such as diabetic ulcers and pressure sores

    • Enhances immune system function by recruiting immune cells to sites of infection or injury

    • Reduces biofilm formation, making it effective against biofilm-associated infections

    • May protect against bacterial sepsis by neutralizing endotoxins

    • Helps manage inflammatory bowel diseases by reducing gut inflammation and enhancing mucosal healing

    • Supports oral health by combating periodontal infections and promoting tissue repair in the gums

    • May enhance outcomes in respiratory infections by improving mucosal immunity and reducing pathogen load

    • Chronic infections, particularly those resistant to antibiotics

    • Skin and soft tissue infections (e.g., abscesses, cellulitis)

    • Wound healing, including diabetic ulcers, post-surgical wounds, and chronic non-healing wounds

    • Autoimmune skin conditions (e.g., psoriasis, eczema)

    • Oral and dental infections (e.g., periodontitis)

    • Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) such as Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis

    • Respiratory tract infections

    • Immunomodulatory support for conditions with impaired immune responses

    • Biofilm-associated infections (e.g., infections associated with implants)

    • Sepsis prevention in high-risk patients

    • Sørensen, O. E., et al. (2015). LL-37: Antimicrobial and immunomodulatory peptide in wound healing. Journal of Immunology, 194(5), 2239-2247.

    •  Nijnik, A., et al. (2017). The role of LL-37 in immune modulation and infection control. Immunology Reviews, 278(1), 102-117.

    •  Ramos, R., et al. (2018). The influence of LL-37 on wound healing: A review of its molecular mechanisms. Frontiers in Immunology, 9, 2021.

    • Kahlenberg, J. M., et al. (2019). Cathelicidin and LL-37 in autoimmune and inflammatory diseases. Nature Reviews Rheumatology, 15(6), 356-368.

    • Tokumaru, S., et al. (2020). LL-37 and its potential use in treating biofilm-associated infections. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, 64(4), e00101-20.

    •  Steinstraesser, L., et al. (2016). Antimicrobial peptides in wound care: LL-37 as a potential therapeutic agent. Current Clinical Pharmacology, 11(4), 293-301.

    • Hemshekhar, M., et al. (2020). LL-37 in the treatment of chronic wounds: Clinical applications. Journal of Clinical Medicine, 9(8), 2587.

    • Vandamme, D., et al. (2019). The role of LL-37 in respiratory tract infections. Respiratory Research, 20(1), 163.

    • Pan, J. L., et al. (2020). LL-37 and its use in treating inflammatory bowel disease. Journal of Crohn’s and Colitis, 14(5), 567-578.

    •  Nilsson, M. F., et al. (2018). LL-37: A potential therapeutic agent for oral infections and periodontitis. Periodontology 2000, 76(1), 208-218.