Tirzepatide

  • Tirzepatide is a novel dual agonist of both the glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) receptors. By activating both of these incretin pathways, tirzepatide enhances insulin secretion, suppresses glucagon levels, and slows gastric emptying, which leads to improved glycemic control and weight reduction. GLP-1 and GIP together stimulate insulin production in response to food intake, reduce appetite, and promote satiety, making tirzepatide effective in managing type 2 diabetes and inducing significant weight loss.

    • Promotes significant weight loss by reducing appetite and food intake.

    • Enhances insulin sensitivity, improving glucose metabolism.

    • Reduces HbA1c levels, improving long-term blood sugar control.

    • Lowers triglyceride levels and improves lipid profiles.

    • Reduces visceral adipose tissue (VAT), improving metabolic health.

    • Supports weight maintenance after initial weight loss.

    • Improves cardiovascular health by lowering blood pressure and cholesterol.

    • Reduces liver fat, helping manage non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).

    • Reduces the risk of diabetes-related complications, such as neuropathy and retinopathy.

    • Long-lasting effects, with once-weekly dosing for sustained blood sugar control and weight management.

    • Type 2 Diabetes: Improves glycemic control and reduces HbA1c in patients with type 2 diabetes.

    • Obesity: Promotes weight loss in individuals with obesity or overweight.

    • Metabolic Syndrome: Improves insulin sensitivity and reduces visceral fat in metabolic syndrome.

    • Cardiovascular Risk Reduction: Lowers risk factors like blood pressure and cholesterol in at-risk patients.

    • Pre-diabetes: Helps prevent the progression of pre-diabetes to type 2 diabetes.

    • Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD): Reduces liver fat and improves liver function.

    • Weight Loss Maintenance: Helps maintain long-term weight loss after an initial reduction.

    • Insulin Resistance: Enhances insulin sensitivity in patients with insulin resistance.

    • Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS): Helps manage weight and insulin sensitivity in women with PCOS.

    • Post-Bariatric Surgery: Supports weight maintenance and metabolic health after bariatric surgery.

    •  Rosenstock, J., et al. (2021). Efficacy and safety of tirzepatide, a dual GIP and GLP-1 receptor agonist, in patients with type 2 diabetes. Lancet, 398(10295), 143-155.

    •  Frias, J. P., et al. (2021). Tirzepatide versus semaglutide once weekly for the treatment of type 2 diabetes (SURPASS-2): A randomised, open-label, phase 3 trial. Lancet, 398(10300), 182-194.

    •  Ludvik, B., et al. (2021). Effect of tirzepatide on body weight in subjects with type 2 diabetes: Results from a 40-week randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Diabetes Care, 44(9), 1960-1969.

    •  O’Neil, P. M., et al. (2022). Tirzepatide’s effects on weight loss and metabolic health: Mechanisms and clinical applications. Obesity, 30(4), 853-865.

    •  Jastreboff, A. M., et al. (2022). Effect of tirzepatide on obesity-related comorbidities: Cardiometabolic outcomes in the SURMOUNT-1 trial. New England Journal of Medicine, 387(6), 509-520.

    •  Frías, J. P., et al. (2021). Tirzepatide for the treatment of obesity and metabolic syndrome: A review of clinical trial results. Nature Reviews Endocrinology, 17(11), 703-712.

    •  Heymsfield, S. B., et al. (2022). Dual GIP/GLP-1 receptor agonists for metabolic health: Tirzepatide’s role in managing type 2 diabetes and obesity. Endocrine Reviews, 43(4), 610-626.

    •  Del Prato, S., et al. (2021). Cardiovascular outcomes with tirzepatide: A comprehensive review of clinical data. Diabetes & Metabolism, 47(5), 101-110.

    •  Pi-Sunyer, F. X., et al. (2022). Tirzepatide in the management of obesity: Clinical benefits and therapeutic potential. Diabetes Obesity & Metabolism, 24(9), 1678-1690.

    •  Wadden, T. A., et al. (2021). Weight loss and metabolic improvements with tirzepatide in patients with type 2 diabetes: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Diabetes Therapy, 12(5), 1321-1334.